Golgotha , (Aramaic: “Skull,”) also called Calvary , (from Latin calva: “bald head,” or “skull”), skull-shaped hill in Jerusalem, the site of Jesus’ crucifixion.
There is a tomb within the walls of the Sepulchre – you can actually go inside it! – which proves that at least part of the building was built upon a burial place (some people believe the tomb is that of Joseph of Arimathea, the dude who donated his own tomb to Christ ). The spot marked for the crucifixion is on a hill.
The crucifixion of Jesus took place in that same “region of Moriah ” where over 2000 years before Abraham had stood prepared to offer to God his only son, his innocent son, it God’s command.
And just as Eusebius comments in Onomasticon concerning Golgotha as being a hill just outside Jerusalem, north of the ancient Mount Zion, this hill fits his description.
Christian tradition generally places the tomb of Adam in Jerusalem under the place where Jesus was crucified, called the “Cave of Treasures” and described in the Syriac “Book of the Cave of Treasures.” Jewish tradition generally places the burial place of Adam in the Cave of Machpelah where Abraham and his sons are
Helena, traveled to Jerusalem. According to tradition, she discovered relics of the cross upon which Jesus had been crucified. The spot had been venerated by early Christians, and she concluded it was Golgotha. Constantine ordered the construction of a basilica, which became known as the Church of the Holy Sepulchre .
According to the story, it was the dogwood tree that provided the wood used to build the cross on which Jesus was crucified. Because of its role in the crucifixion, it is said that God both cursed and blessed the tree.
The winding route from the former Antonia Fortress to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre — a distance of about 600 metres (2,000 feet) — is a celebrated place of Christian pilgrimage. The current route has been established since the 18th century, replacing various earlier versions.
Simon of Cyrene /saɪˈriːni/ (Hebrew: שמעון “Hearkening; listening”, Standard Hebrew Šimʿon , Tiberian Hebrew Šimʿôn ; Greek: Σίμων Κυρηναῖος , Simōn Kyrēnaios) was the man compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus of Nazareth as Jesus was taken to his crucifixion, according to all three Synoptic Gospels.
Moriah /mɒˈraɪə/ (Hebrew: מוֹרִיָּה, Modern: Mōrīyya, Tiberian: Mōrīyyā, Arabic: ﻣﺮﻭﻩ, romanized: Marwah) is the name given to a mountainous region by the Book of Genesis, in which context it is the location of the sacrifice of Isaac.
From these extracts it will appear that Jerusalem, Zion , and Moriah were not interchangeable terms, but were fixed places,-the former being the Holy City, the two latter portions of Jerusalem, whose posi- tions can nearly be determined, as we know one of them ( Moriah ) at the present day.
According to the Biblical narrative, Solomon’s Temple, also known as the First Temple, was a temple in Jerusalem (בֵּית־הַמִּקְדָּשׁ: Beit Ha-Miqdash) built under King Solomon’s reign and completed in 957 BCE.
Although the exact route to the crucifixion is in unknown, there is general agreement that it took place at Golgotha, a garbage dump outside Jerusalem. Only within modern times have forensic experts and researchers attempted to determine what would have been the physiological cause of a victim’s death by crucifixion.